International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development

The method of mix design for microsurfacing as described by ASTM and ISSA, clearly stated that the methods for mix design should be used only as a guide. Therefore, a more exact method is needed to provide successful mix designs, based on performance related tests included in the design method rather than relying heavily on the experience of the construction crew with these types of treatments. The two method ‘Laboratory method of mixing and curing microsurfacing mixtures TxDOT, 2004 ' and “A Laboratory Investigation on Bitumen Emulsion Mixes” Tipnis and Pandey, 2001 have been tried in the laboratory but there were some limitations to these methods as balling could not stop completely unless a very careful mixing of the mix is taken care off. Therefore, a different mixing methodology of mixing coarse and fine aggregates with emulsion is explored and is explained. where it is found that forming of a ball during the mixing of aggregates with emulsion appeared to have been solved, and no balling was formed. 

by Abhay Singh | Dr. Shubha Agrawal "A Proactive Maintenance by Using Micro Surfacing for Pavement" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47722.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47722/a-proactive-maintenance-by-using-micro-surfacing-for-pavement/abhay-singh

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The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. 

by Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47711.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47711/an-experimental-study-of-soil-stabilization-with-cement-and-polymer/sankalp-jain

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Most of the steel structures in India are made of conventional steel sections such as angle, channel and beam sections . However, new hollow steel sections such as square and rectangular hollow sections are gaining popularity in recent steel constructions due to a number of advantages such as its higher strength to weight ratio, better fire resistance properties, higher radius of gyration, lesser surface area, etc. This type of hollow sections can save cost up to 30 to 50 over the conventional steel sections Tata Steel brochure, 2012 17 . But unlike the conventional steel sections these hollow sections do not have standard connection details available in design code or in published literature. To overcome this problem the objective of the present study was identified to develop a suitable and economic connection detail between two square hollow sections which should be capable of transmitting forces smoothly and easy to be fabricated. To achieve the above objective, a square hollow beam to square hollow column connection was selected and modeled in commercial finite element software ABAQUS. This model was analyzed for nonlinear static pushover analysis considering a number of connection details. Following four alternative scheme of connection details were selected for this study i using end plate, ii using angle section, iii using channel sections, and iv using collar plates. The base model rectangular hollow beam welded to one face of the rectangular hollow column is also studied for reference. The performance of the selected connection details are compared and the best performing connection details is recommended for rectangular hollow beam to rectangular hollow column joints. The result shows that the load carrying capacity of the joint and the maximum deformation capacity is highly sensitive to the type of connection used. Also, the location of formation of plastic hinges in the structure which can beat joint or at beam depends highly on the type of connection used. 

by Udit Dubey | Kapil Mandloi | Renu Tiwari "Analysis of High Rise Building Connection for Square Hollow Beam and Column Using Fem Software Abaqus" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47704.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47704/analysis-of-high-rise-building-connection-for-square-hollow-beam-and-column-using-fem-software-abaqus/udit-dubey

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Solid unreinforced pre cast cement concrete paver blocks is a versatile, aesthetically attractive, functional, cost effective and requires little or no maintenance if correctly manufactured and laid. Paver blocks can be used for different traffic categories i.e. Non traffic, Light traffic, Medium traffic, Heavy traffic and Very heavy traffic. In present study work paver blocks of M 40 grade of 80mm thickness for medium traffic with varying percentage of nylon fiber 0.1 , 0.2 , 0.3 , 0.4 , 0.5 is used to improve the compressive strength is casted. After finding optimum percentage of nylon fiber, it has now become very important to look as for the alternative source for natural materials used in concrete i.e. gravels and natural sand. Waste foundry sand WFS is a propitious material that can be used as an alternative for the naturals and i.e. fine aggregates in concrete. The thesis demonstrates the potential of re use for waste foundry sand i.e. industrial by product as a substitute of a fine aggregate in concrete. The fine aggregates i.e. natural sand are replaced with WFS in Three different substitution rates i.e. 2.5 , 5 , 10 , . Several tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties i.e. compressive strength, and flexural strength as well as the durability of concrete. 

by Rajat Singh Rajput | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "Evolution Properties of Paver Blocks Using Waste Foundry Sand in Concrete" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47703.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47703/evolution-properties-of-paver-blocks-using-waste-foundry-sand-in-concrete/rajat-singh-rajput

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Construction industry could be considered as a very important sector for development all over the World and the construction cost is the most important element in it. The construction project can vary from extremely profitable to barely worth it and sometimes end up costing the contractor more than what he or she is getting paid to complete it. In construction industry the aim of project control is to ensure the projects finish on time, within budget and achieving other project activities. Time and cost are two main concerns which increase importance of cost reduction techniques. Reduction of cost of construction is a constant goal for construction industry. One way of reducing construction cost is to develop innovative technologies as well as methodologies to increase productivity. This study was carried out to identify the factors affecting construction cost. The factors were identified based on case studies and market surveys. In this paper, we have studied different techniques for optimization. To minimize the construction cost and duration at each phase is important. It is a need to meet the present day requirements and to complete the project within the estimated time, cost, and available resources. Mainly affecting the factor on cost of project is delay in project and material. Several methods have been developed and applied to analyze the time cost problems, but they can optimize only one parameter. Various low cost material also suggested for optimizing the cost of project along with maintaining the quality and strength of the project. Also various mathematical method and software based models studied for optimization. This study centers on assessing the cost of construction project and compare the construction cost with the optimized cost of the same building by using advance construction techniques and materials. Outcomes of cost study suggest that the construction cost of residential building project is reduced by 20 30 , 10 20 in infrastructural projects and 25 35 in industrial projects than the construction cost. 

by Prof. Yogita Fulse | Aniket R. Zolekar "Cost Optimization of Construction Projects by Using Advance Methods and Advanced Materials" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46322.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46322/cost-optimization-of-construction-projects-by-using-advance-methods-and-advanced-materials/prof-yogita-fulse

internationaljournalsofcomputerscience, callforpapercomputerscience, ugcapprovedjournalsforcomputerscience 

Normal The conventional methods are time consuming and are not efficiently feasible. Hence there is a need to find the other possible ways to assure the performance as well as economical criteria. These enzymes have been confirmed to be very effective and economical. Another benefit of the bioenzyme is that these are environment friendly. The efficiency of bio enzyme depends upon the quantity of dosage, type of soil and curing period. In our country vast areas consist of black soils. As the conservative soil stabilizers like gravel, sand and others are depleting and becoming dear day by day at a very rapid pace, it becomes essential to look towards for alternative eco friendly stabilizers as their alternate. Recently a lot of Bio enzymes have emerged as cost effective stabilizers for soil stabilization. Some such type of bio enzyme, like Terazyme, bagasse ash, lime etc. has been used in the present work. Recently many Bio enzymes have emerged as value powerful stabilizers for soil stabilization. One such bio enzyme, Terrazyme, has been used within side the gift paintings to take a look at its impact at the Unconfined Compressive electricity of the Black Cotton soil. It has been located that Terrazyme dealt with Black Cotton soil suggests vast boom in Unconfined Compressive electricity with longer curing period. 

by Anushka Shrivastava | Dr. Anil Kumar Saxena "An Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Bio-Enzymes" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47686.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47686/an-experimental-study-on-soil-stabilization-by-using-bioenzymes/anushka-shrivastava

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This thesis is basically based on the comparison of the use of voided slab, RCC Solid slab and RCC Girder. In this study analysis and cost comparison of RCC Solid slab deck, RCC Voided slab deck and RCC Girder is done for superstructure spanning 20 m length. Solid slabs having greater span are uneconomical due to heavy dead load of concrete. To make it economical longitudinal beams are provided for spans greater than 10.0 m. Reinforced Concrete Girder is generally adopted for a fly over or road bridge, but in case of a river bridge with submersible superstructure, the longitudinal beams creates obstruction to the flow of water and results in additional stresses in cross direction on beams. To reduce the self weight of concrete without sacrificing its flexural strength, in solid slab voids are incorporated in concrete section. This technic offers many advantages over a conventional solid concrete slab like reduced material use, lower total cost of construction, and increased structural efficiency. This report also shows that the dead load of bridge superstructure can be reduced by providing voids in concrete where it is unnecessarily provided. Presence of voids within the concrete structure makes analysis of structure very complicated. The analysis of RCC Solid slab, RCC Girder and RCC voided slab deck for various loads as specified in IRC is done using staad pro software for span length of 20 m and width of 15.10 m. The analysis illustrates the behavior of bending moments, Shear Force, displacements, reactions for various load conditions. It is concluded that use of voided slab is more feasible for 20 m length and 15.10 m width. It is also economical as compared to solid slab and Reinforced concrete Girder. 

by Kunal Songra | M. C. Paliwal "Comparative Analysis and Design of Voided Slab and RCC I Girder with Solid Slab in Bridge Structure" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47679.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47679/comparative-analysis-and-design-of-voided-slab-and-rcc-i-girder-with-solid-slab-in-bridge-structure/kunal-songra

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