International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development

Stem cells have emerged to give a promising result in regenerative medicine. Stem cell derived growth have been studied in various animals. These stem cell are identified by specific markers. Various methods have been used to identify these markers. Some of the methods were been used last decades to identify the stem cells. This article presents a concise review on the methods used for identifying markers and discuss the very most reliable technique of the identification of stem cell markers. 

Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is the most common X linked disorder muscular dystrophy. It is caused by an absence of the protein named as dystrophin, which helps to keep muscle cells intact. In my research on this topic, I will emphasis on a complete analysis of molecular gene behind muscular dystrophy. According to a survey with few hospitals labs in my region with 40 50 patients, we had identified the ratio of around 90 of male and 10 of the female victim with the muscular dystrophy disorder. The lifespan of people having this disorder decreases unconditionally and it majorly effect the youngsters. Main concern for the treatment methodology or medical interventions are limited to treating symptoms. 

Two species of Mushroom namely Amanita phalaoides and Amanita verosa were studied and they were collected from farmlands in Uke town around Onitsha metropolis in Anambra State, Nigeria. The mushroom samples were cultivated on normal agricultural and refuse dump soils. The young growing mushrooms were watered twice daily and harvested within fourteen 14 days. The harvested mushroom samples were sun dried and kept in pre cleaned bottles for chemical analysis. The dried samples were cut into pieces and pulverized using binatone blender with stainless blade and they were subjected to chemical analysis using standard analytical methods AOAC . The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS versions 16.0. Duncans Range was applied in separating means where differences were observed. The results ranged as follows moisture content MC 81.79 to 97.84 , the highest value was from Amanita Phalaoides. Dry matter DM ranged from 2.63 to 18.36 shows an indication of high roughages contained by mushrooms. Crude protein CP ranged from 8.16 to 24.67 which compared favourably with values of seeds and legumes. Ash contents ranged from 3.26 to 14.33 and they are indications of high mineral elements present in mushroom species. Low values of Lipid fat oil ranged from 1.00 to 6.68 are indications that mushrooms are excellent dietary food for diabetic and coronary heart disease patients. Crude fibre CF ranged from 2.62 to 15.37 . Values of Ethanol soluble sugar ESS , carbohydrate CHO and vitamin C were close showing no significant difference at p 0.05. Values of phytic acid, tannins and hydrocyanic acid ranged from 0.01 to 0.27 mg 100g, these were quite low to give adverse effect. The mean concentrations of nutrients metals mg kg of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Fe ranged from 276.48±0.27 to 826.83±0.04 while trace metals Cu, Co, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cr concentrations mg kg ranged from 0.001±0.01 to 43.18±0.20. Cobalt was most bio accumulated in agric soil while Zn was most bio accumulated in refuse dump soil. 

Blood is one of the chief form of biological fluid which is recovered at the location of crime. This review article focus on blood as a prime forensic evidence which is most commonly encountered on crime scenes. The font of insipiration for the same is the variable facts and the frequent occurrence of blood as an evidence on the crime scene. The article pronounces the complete details of blood, including its composition, cell types, relation of blood to scientific science, handling liquid blood stains , wet blood stains, dried blood stains, and the post mortum blood and preservation methods followed by a detailed analysis preliminary and confirmatory test . The analysis of blood can be categorised on the basis of its physical and chemical properties. The major aim of this study is to provide all the relevant facts related to blood collection, packaging and the entire examination. 

International Journal, Cell biology Journal

UGC Approved Journal Cell biology Journal

UGC Approved Journal Cell biology Journal