International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development

Atomic force microscopy has been used to investigated the surface properties of different materials, in this paper it is used to measure the surface roughness and surface adhesive force of three different membrane samples Poly ethyleneterephthalate PET , Silicon Rubber SR and PET SRcopolymers. This analytical method allows images representing the topography and adhesive force Phase image of the surface to be captured simultaneously at a molecular nanometer resolution. The distribution of hydrophilic polar groups and the surface roughness on the investigated surfaces ofthese membrane samples influences the subsequent processing of polymeric membrane manufacture as well as their performance. From the results a clear distinction was observed between the three samples in both images the topography surface roughness images and adhesive force images. Promising result were obtained for the PET SRcopolymer samples to be a good candidate in membrane separation applications. This study may also help to explain the differences in membrane performances and efficiency during applications in the separation process. 

by Dr. Abduelmaged Abduallah | Dr. Kamal M. Sassi | Dr. Mustafa T. Yagub "Nano-Scale Surface Characterization of Poly (Ethyleneterephthalate) - Silicon Rubber Copolymers using Atomic Force Microscopy" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43688.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/chemical-engineering/43688/nanoscale-surface-characterization-of-poly--ethyleneterephthalate--silicon-rubber-copolymers-using-atomic-force-microscopy/dr-abduelmaged-abduallah

callforpaperpharmacy, pharmacyjournal, internationalpeerreviewedjournal

The article discusses the properties of crushed stone lime asphalt concrete and the conditions for obtaining a high quality road surface during its application. The results of the study of replacing mineral powder in crushed stone asphalt concrete with dust, dust from cement plants and dust from pyrite slag, as well as a study of the stability of the quality of bitumen in time to normal and high temperatures are described. However, the selected areas of using cement plant dust cannot be considered particularly promising, since in the above methods, cement plant dust is easily replaced by chalk and limestone. In this regard, it is more promising to use dust from cement plants to obtain nitrogen calcium fertilizers, mainly containing calcium nitrate. 

by Xidirova Yulduz Xo’janazarovna | Rosilov Mansur Sirgievich | Badalova N "Ways of Utilization of Dust from Cement Plants" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40001.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/chemical-engineering/40001/ways-of-utilization-of-dust-from-cement-plants/xidirova-yulduz-xo’janazarovna

callforpapertechnology, technologyjournal

The study focuses on the modeling of the temperature profile during the fermentation of beer and the selection of the modelled temperature to simulate the growth of a microorganism, the consumption of proteins and the formation of aromatic compounds ketone and esters . The objective of the study was to determine how to select the best temperature for beer fermentation and how a portion of the biochemical reaction occurs with the controlled selected temperature. Finite element modelling has been used for heat transfer modelling and COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.3 has been used for implementation. Version 17 of MATLAB was used to simulate biochemical changes with the chosen temperature. The simulated results showed that at high coolant flow, a low temperature profile was recorded over the fermentation time. As such, the observed temperatures were 1.2m3 hr, 1.3m3 hr and 1.6m3 h, 20 oC, 18 oC and 12.5 oC, respectively. The modelled vorticity results also indicated that at a flow rate of 1.2m3 hr, there was a consistent flow of liquid around the agitation center relative to other coolant flows. Isoleucine was exhausted after 13hr at 12.5°C, 80hr at 18°C and 16hr at 20°C from the start of fermentation. The simulated results also indicated that ethyl acetate had reached a hold back value of 0.114mol m3 at 70hr at 12.5oC, 30hr at 18oC, and 22hr at 20oC. However, isoamyl acetate retained a retention value of 0.0105 mol m3 until the initial concentration of sugar and amino acids was exhausted throughout fermentation at all selected temperatures. Valine decreased to nearly 195hr at 12.5°C, 120hr at 18°C and 85hr at 20°C. The simulated nutrient results were again shown to be zero in 210hr at 12.5°C, 110hr at 18°C and 90hr at 20°C of luicine consumption.

by Bayisa Dame Tesema | Solomon Workneh | Carlos Omar "Dynamic Heat Transfer modeling, and Simulation of Biomass Fermentation during Beer Processing" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38009.pdf

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/chemical-engineering/38009/dynamic-heat-transfer-modeling-and-simulation-of-biomass-fermentation-during-beer-processing/bayisa-dame-tesema

internationaljournalofmanagement, callforpapermanagement, managementjournal 

Microcrystalline cellulose can be converted into valuable products such as glucose via hydrolysis reaction at mild condition using sulfonated carbon catalyst. A sulfonated carbon material was prepared by carbonization of bamboo sawdust followed by sulfonation. Prepared catalyst was studied for its ability to catalyze microcrystalline cellulose yield via hydrolysis reaction. Three carbon based catalysts at three different temperatures 400, 450 and 500 were prepared. The sulfonated catalysts were characterized using the following analyses elemental analysis, total acid density, FT IR, SEM and XRD. Based on the above characterization results, sulfonated carbon prepared at 500 and sulfonated via ultra sonication was found to have a higher acid density that is suitable to catalyze the hydrolysis reaction. The first step in the catalyst development approach was to increase the hydrolysis reaction by employing a stronger sulfonation procedure during catalyst preparation. The total acid density obtained for sulfonated carbon catalyst at 500 was 4.16 mmol g which significantly increases glucose yield. According to the FTIR analysis the sulfonated bio char contained sulfonic, carboxylic, and phenolic groups, which are responsible for the exhibited high catalytic performance during hydrolysis of cellulose. The yield of glucose obtained was 60.5 at 149.0°C in 8hour reaction time.

by Kefyalew H/Mariam | Bayisa Dame | Beteley Tekola "Design, Performance Evaluation and Synthesis of Sulfonated Carbon Based Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Microcrystalline Cellulose" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38100.pdf

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/chemical-engineering/38100/design-performance-evaluation-and-synthesis-of-sulfonated-carbon-based-catalyst-for-hydrolysis-of-microcrystalline-cellulose/kefyalew-hmariam

ugcapprovedmanagementjournal, openaccessjournalofmanagement, paperpublicationinmanagement