International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development

In the present review special emphasis is placed on Indian medicinal plants reported for antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti allergic anti inflammatory activities and they are categorized for prioritization in research on the basis of earlier reports. The formulation is made of four herbs Ocimum sanctum L. leaves, Cinnamomum verum J. Presl. stem barks, Zingiber officinale Roscoe rhizomes and Piper nigrum L. fruits. These herbs are reported to boost immunity and are active remedies to various viral diseases. Samshamani vati is made of aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Miers family Menispermaceae , and reported to be an immunomodulator. Ethanolic extracts of N. sativa seeds demonstrated antiviral properties by decreasing viral load, alpha fetoprotein, and improved liver function parameters. The leaves of neem A. indica , a popular Indian plant, is traditionally boiled and consumed for treatment of fever. As post COVID 19 complications remains a new field of study at present, investigation on long term safety profile and pharmacokinetics of potential medicinal plants can be beneficial. Crude extract or pure compounds isolated from medicinal plants and or herbs such as Artemisia annua, Agastache rugosa, Astragalus membranaceus, Cassia alata, Ecklonia cava, Gymnema sylvestre, Glycyrrhizae uralensis, Houttuynia cordata, Lindera aggregata, Lycoris radiata, Mollugo cerviana, Polygonum multiflorum, Pyrrosia lingua, Saposhnikoviae divaricate, Tinospora cordifolia etc. have shown promising inhibitory effect against coronavirus. Medicinal plants and natural products are still considered promising alternatives to prevent or treat several diseases. Since the outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic in December 2019, various traditional herbal medicines have been used and resulted in positive health effects among COVID 19 patients. A total of 60 species of medicinal plants from 36 families and 54 genera were documented as being perceived. Among them, the most common families were Apiaceae 6 species , Zingiberaceae 4 species , Amaryllidaceae 4 species and Lamiaceae 4species . And most common genus were Allium 3 species , Terminalia 2 species , Mentha 2 species , Cinnamomum 2 species , and Syzygium. Likewise, the most perceived species was Zingiber officinale 39.79 followed by Curcuma angustifolia 34.11 . The habit analysis showed that the medicinal plants belonging to herb, shrub, climber, and tree species were 56.67 , 11.67 , 6.67 , and 25 respectively. Leaves 33.68 were the most predominantly used parts, followed by seeds 23.33 , fruits 21.67 , roots 13.33 , rhizomes 11.67 , whole plant 8.33 , bark 6.67 stem 1.67 , and bulb 1.67 . The most commonly used method of preparations was to grind the parts, boil with hot water or milk, and drink. 

by Dr. Sanjay Tomar "Medicinal Plants Utilized for Treatment of Corona" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45101.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/45101/medicinal-plants-utilized-for-treatment-of-corona/dr-sanjay-tomar

internationaljournalofscience, openaccessjournalofscience, ugcapprovedjournalsforscience 

The Aravalli Range also spelled Aravali is a mountain range in Northwestern India, running approximately 670 km 430 mi in a south west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Gujarat. The highest peak is Guru Shikhar at 1,722 metres 5,650 ft . In Rajasthan, the range runs from Khetri in the northeast to Khed Brahma in the southwest Within Rajasthan for a length of about 550 kilometers. Aravalli’s is the oldest range of fold mountains in India. Geologically, Aravalli range can be traced back probably close of the dharwar times and is composed of rocks belonging originally to the Delhi system, folded in a synclinorium occupying the site of the geosynclines which have been deeply eroded. The Aravalli range and Hilly Region has been further sub divided into two smaller physiographic units 1. North Eastern Aravalli Range2. Central Aravalli Range3. The Mewar Rocky region and Bhorat Plateau4. Abu Block RegionThe standard ethnobotanical methods were followed. The plants were identified by available literature and flora. The data was collected though a series of field investigations. The systematic and random sampling methods were employed to study different locations. Ethnobotanical information was gathered using semi structured interviews. The paper records count 53 important plant species of medicinal value from different families. Most of the plant species belonged to family Fabaceae followed by Moraceae and Asteraceae. The study revealed that Aravalli hills Gurgaon has much useful medicinal floras, that local people can use the parts of the plant in disease treatment and can modify, the ways of formulation application administration and ingredients used in preparation. 

by Dr. Anita "General Information about the Medicinal Plants in the Aravalli Ranges, its Conservation in the Form of Aravalli Biodiversity Park, India" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43704.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/botany/43704/general-information-about-the-medicinal-plants-in-the-aravalli-ranges-its-conservation-in-the-form-of--aravalli-biodiversity-park-india/dr-anita

callforpapermedicalscience, medicalsciencejournal

Two edible plants Lablab purpureus of the Fabaceae and Cucumis sativus of the Cucurbitaceae have been studied by stress analysis. Salt stress is caused by excessive accumulation of salt in the soil, either directly because of salinization, or indirectly because of water loss. As a consequence, the soil water potential progressively decreases and eventually stopping the gradient of water flow from roots region to upper most part shoot and leaf . In this paper, both edible plant seeds are allowed to different stress conditions salt, dark and sugar . The different concentration of salt such as 10ppm, 25ppm, 50ppm, dark condition and 10ppm of sugar solution are used. Both plant seeds measurement was taken at the interval of 10 days. Generally first germination was seen within 3 days in a pot after sowing of seeds. In both plant, control pots showed normal growth of seeds. Treatments are shown the variation. Stress analysis is further confirmed by proline analysis. This paper revealed that stress analysis of entirely two different family members such as Lablab purpureus and Cucumis sativus 

by M. Dhanasekaran | G. S. Nandhakumar | R. Thayalan "Effect of Stress on Selected Edible Plants" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41314.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/botany/41314/effect-of-stress-on-selected-edible-plants/m-dhanasekaran

callforpaperpapersinjournals, specialissuepublication, multidisciplinaryjournal

 The present study is on floristic investigation and soil analysis of Thirtharampura reserve forest, Tumkur district, Karnataka, India. It is the dry deciduous type of forest contains a rich diversity of angiosperms, here we found a total of 126 taxa of 99 genera under the 41 families from this forest. Fabaceae 15 genera and 24 species was the dominant family followed by the Rubiaceae 8 genera, 9 species , Asteraceae 7 genera, 7 species , Rutaceae 5 genera, 5 species , Malvaceae 4 genera, 5 species and Moraceae 2 genera, 6 species with the medicinal, timber yielding, ornamental and wild edible plant species. The forest is majorly covered by tree species with 60 come after shrubs 21 , herbs 10 , and climbers 9 . Some important medicinal plant species like Erythroxylummonogynum, Hemidesmus indicus, Rhinacanthusnasutus, Azadirachta indica, croton bonplandianus, Diosporusmontana, Echinopsechinatus, Emblica Officinalis, were often these medicinal plants used for the treatment of pain, wounds, cuts, and fractures, etc. by the native peoples. The forest soil contains low content of nitrogen along with sulphur and copper but it has high content of Iron and Manganese nutrients. The forest was disturbed by firing, mining activities, and human activities. Only the tree species were withstanding against the firing activity, herbaceous species were lost along with new sprouting species due to firing activity in the forest. The Fabaceae species were more survive in this forest, because of nitrogen fixing capacity in their root system.

by Yatheesharadhya B | Meena H. R | Sushma G. C | Poornima M. C | Shashank A. S "Floristic Investigation and Soil Analysis of Thirtharampura Reserve Forest, Chikkanayakanahalli, Karnataka, India" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41221.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.combiological-science/botany/41221/floristic-investigation-and-soil-analysis-of-thirtharampura-reserve-forest-chikkanayakanahalli-karnataka-india/yatheesharadhya-b

internationaljournalofscience, openaccessjournalofscience, ugcapprovedjournalsforscience 

Invasive alien plant species are major thread to biodiversity, climate change and environmental sustainability. Management of these invasive alien plant species become a typical task at global level. Composting can be an efficient and environment friendly solution for management of these invasive alien species. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of compost prepared from three invasive alien species Cuscutareflexa, Eupatorium adenophorum and Lantana camaraon the tomato plant vigour, antioxidant and nutrient content under water deficit and irrigated well watered conditions. The results revealed that Cuscutareflexa CR compost treatment gave highest shoot length 23.0 , 23.7 , root length 30.0 , 21.4 , shoot fresh weight 47.9 , 52.2 , shoot dry weight 71.0 , 49.4 and root dry weight 66.7 , 51.5 , under water stressand irrigated conditions, respectively. The application of compostCR under water stress has enhanced chlorophyll and prolinecontent over control. Similarly, antioxidant enzymes analysis showed the increased superoxide dismutase 1.33 2.17fold , peroxidase 1.38 1.82fold and catalase 1.06 1.73fold activity under water deficit condition. Nutrient content such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sodiumin tomato leaf were higher under both water stress and irrigated conditions compared to their respective control. It can be concluded from above outcomes that compost prepared from invasive alien species have potential to ameliorate the negative effects of water stress and enhance the tomato growth. 

by Sandhya Bind | A. K. Sharma "Impact of Compost Prepared from Invasive Alien Species in Alleviating Water Stress in Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39961.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/39961/impact-of-compost-prepared-from-invasive-alien-species-in-alleviating-water-stress-in-tomato-solanum-lycopersicum-l/sandhya-bind

openaccessjournalofengineering, engineeringjournal, paperpublicationforengineering

Weeds are serious issue around the world causing crop yield reduction in agricultural fields. However, several studies proclaim the uses of weed plant species as plant growth enhancer because of their unique phytochemical composition present in smoke when pyrolysed. This idea has been inspired by the discovery of karrikins, a class of smoke elicitors that cues the seedling germination in several plant species. The present review is mainly aimed towards the application of weed derived smoke to regulate the plant growth in positive manner. Smoke water prepared from pyrolysed weed emerged out as more powerful in promoting the plant development of agriculturally and medicinally. The smoke technology can be one of the useful management strategies in future with cost effective and environmental friendly inputs. 

by Shaiphali Saxena "Burnt Weed Smoke Can Enhance Plant Growth: A Proper Weed Management" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39954.pdf 

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/39954/burnt-weed-smoke-can-enhance-plant-growth-a-proper-weed-management/shaiphali-saxena

ugcjournallist, listofugcapprovedjournals, researchpublication

Trichoderma is a filamentous fungus that is widely distributed in the soil, plant material, decaying vegetation, and wood. It belongs to the family Hypocreaceae. They have high potential for colonizing their habitats and have various applications in food industry, agriculture, as a biocontrol agent with mechanism involving antibiosis, competition, mycoparasitism, promotion of plant growth, solubilization and sequestration of inorganic plant nutrients, inducing resistance and inactivating pathogen’s enzymes and also as a source of transgene. The major driving force for investigation of biocontrol with Trichoderma is sustainability. As a plant symbiont and effective mycoparasites, numerous species of this genus have the potential to become biofungicides. the extensive studies on Trichoderma, including its diverse physiological traits available, is still progressing and making these fungi versatile model organisms for research on both industrial fermentations as well as natural phenomena. 

by Jasmine Chughasrani | Abhishikta Dasgupta | Rutuja Das "Applications of Trichoderma- A Review" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38341.pdf 

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/botany/38341/applications-of-trichoderma-a-review/jasmine-chughasrani

peerreviewedinternationaljournal, callforpaperinugcapprovedjournals, paperpublicationforstudent